Uterine Polyps

What are Uterine Polyps

Uterine polyps are noncancerous tissue overgrowths of endometrium, a tissue in the inner lining of the uterus, that extend into the uterus cavity.

Cause of Uterine Polyps

Uterine Polyps may occur spontaneously or because of high levels of oestrogen hormone, although it is not known what actually causes it. Polyps grow faster during pregnancy and while using oral contraceptives or oestrogen replacement therapy.

Although most of the polyps are noncancerous, the polyps that develop in women during or after menopause may turn out to be cancerous.

Uterine polyps are more common in women aged between 40 and 50 years. However, it may occasionally be seen in younger women of 20 years or less. Obesity, uncontrolled hypertension, and certain drugs used to treat breast cancer may increase the risk of uterine polyps.

Symptoms of Uterine Polyps

Most common symptom of uterine polyps is irregular menstrual periods. Menorrhagia or abnormal heavy menstrual bleeding, prolonged periods, bleeding between periods and bleeding even after menopause or during sexual intercourse are some of the other symptoms of uterine polyps. Infertility may also be an indication of the presence of uterine polyps.

Diagnosis of Uterine Polyps

Uterine polyps are diagnosed based on medical history and symptoms. Also, other diagnostic tests such as transvaginal ultrasound, sono-hysterography, hysteroscopy, biopsy and curettage may be performed.

Treatments for Uterine Polyps

Smaller polyps that do not cause any problem need not be removed but should be assessed every 6 months to check their progression. However, if uterine polyps cause pelvic pain, heavy menstrual bleeding, or infertility or if there is a previous history of miscarriage, then removal of uterine polyps (polypectomy) may be considered.

Hysteroscopic resection of a polyp is best performed in the hospital under general anaesthetic. There are various techniques; therefore, Dr Turner will discuss with you the latest and most advanced methods to ensure complete removal.

Laparoscopy may be performed along with a hysteroscopy. Laparoscopy involves using a laparoscope, a long rigid tube with a video camera and light inserted through a small incision in the belly button. Laparoscopy can diagnose and treat conditions in the pelvis, such as endometriosis and ovarian cysts.